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Anna McSweeney

CONTACTIMG_0772

Dr. Anna McSweeney
Scientific Collaborator
The Warburg Institute
Woburn Square
London WC1H 0AB
Tel. +44 (0) 207862 8919
E-mail: McSweeney@bilderfahrzeuge.org

 

 

PROJECT

In 1891 a Nasrid wooden cupola, carved and painted in the 14th century for one of the Alhambra palaces in Granada, was dismantled from the tower in which it had hung for over 500 years. It was put on a train to Berlin, where it was reconstructed as the ceiling of a German banker’s villa in Charlottenburg. Today it hangs in the Museum für Islamische Kunst, Berlin, as part of a display on the history of Islamic Spain. The project that I bring to the Bilderfahrzeuge group is a biography of this 14th century Alhambra cupola. I am interested not only in the materiality of the object, in the Nasrid context and carpentry techniques of its production, and its later transfer from an Islamic (by then Christian Spanish) palace to bourgeois Berlin, but also in the intellectual and cultural framework in which the movement of the object with all its associated meanings of the Orient, luxury and exoticism, could take place. In what context and with what impact could an individual identify and procure such a ceiling and set it up not once but twice in his different Berlin homes? What were the motivations and repercussions of such a move, both in the intellectual environment of Berlin and in the particular Alhambra palace from which the ceiling had been removed, and where a gaping hole in the ceiling was left to be filled? What did the cupola represent by the 1970s when the Museum für Islamische Kunst in Berlin purchased it? These are some of the questions that I address in my forthcoming biography of the cupola.
This theme of image transfer (Bilderfahrzeuge) is central to my extended research that examines how Spain’s Islamic past has been constructed in visual imagery both within and outside of Spain. In particular, I am concerned with the art and material culture of mudéjar populations in post-Islamic Spain, and the subsequent revival/invention of this Islamicate style in the 19th century. Focusing on the work of Valencian potters and artists in the 14th century, I examine the migration of images and their contexts from Muslim to Christian centres of power in Spain, with a view to questioning the legitimacy of ‘mudejar’ as a coherent or valid artistic style. I explore the role of rhetoric in understanding these motifs, and the extent to which the concept of a ‘mudéjar’ style was constructed by historians, artists and architects in the 19th century as a way of understanding Spain’s Islamic past and present.

Im Jahre 1891 beauftrage ein deutscher Bankier die Demontage einer im 14. Jahrhundert geschnitzten und bemalten Nasriden-Holzkuppel aus einem der Türme der Alhambra, den sie seit über 500 Jahren geschmückt hatte. Die Kuppel wurde per Zug nach Berlin verfrachtet und dort als Raumdecke in einer Villa des Bankiers in Charlottenburg montiert. Heute hängt diese Kuppel im Museum für Islamische Kunst Berlin als Teil der Ausstellung zur islamischen Kunstgeschichte Spaniens. Im Rahmen des Projekts Bilderfahrzeuge widme ich mich der Erforschung der Biographie dieser Alhambra-Kuppel. Im Zentrum der Untersuchung stehen zum einen die Materialität des Objekts, der historischen Kontext, die Herstellungstechnik und die spätere Versetzung der Kuppel vom islamischen Palast in eine bürgerliche Villa in Berlin und zum anderen die geistig-kulturellen Rahmenbedingungen, die den Transfer des Objekts und die mit ihm assoziierten Vorstellungen von Orient, Luxus und Exotik ermöglichten und mitbestimmten. Unter welchen Voraussetzungen und mit welchen Auswirkungen konnte eine Person die Kuppel für sich entdecken, erwerben und nicht nur einmal, sondern gleich zweimal hintereinander in ihren verschiedenen Wohnsitzen in Berlin einbauen lassen? Was waren die Beweggründe und Folgen dieser Schritte sowohl für das geistige Umfeld in Berlin als auch für die Alhambra, in der anstelle der Kuppel ein großes Loch klaffte? Welche Bedeutung wurde der Kuppel zugeschrieben, als sie in den 1970er Jahren vom Museum für Islamische Kunst in Berlin erworben wurde? Dies sind einige der Fragen, die die Biographie der Alhambra-Kuppel zu beantworten sucht.
Die Bildübertragung ist ein zentraler Aspekt meiner generellen Forschung über die Konstruktion der islamischen Vergangenheit Spaniens in der Bildsprache in und außerhalb von Spanien. Mein besonderes Interesse gilt dabei der Kunst und materiellen Kultur der Minderheit der Mudéjar im post-islamischen Spanien und der Neuherausbildung eines islamisierenden Stils im 19. Jahrhundert. Mit Fokus auf die Arbeit der valencianischen Töpfer und Künstler im 14. Jahrhundert, untersuche ich die Migration der Bilder und deren Kontexte in muslimischen und christlichen Machtzentren in Spanien und hinterfrage das Verständnis des „Mudéjar“ als einheitlichen oder überhaupt gültigen Stilbegriff. Dabei untersuche ich, welche Rolle die sprachliche Erfassung im Verständnis der Motive spielte und inwieweit Historiker, Künstler und Architekten des neunzehnten Jahrhunderts mit dem Begriff des „Mudéjar“ ihre Auffassung von Spaniens islamischer Vergangenheit und Gegenwart konzipierten.

 

CURRICULUM VITAE

Research interests
History of art and material culture of the Islamic Mediterranean, with a focus on al-Andalus and mudéjar Spain; Alhambra and the global alhambresque; world’s fairs; collectors and collecting of Islamic art. My research and postgraduate teaching focus on aesthetic encounters between Islam and the west. I am currently writing a book on a 14th century wooden cupola made by Nasrid craftsmen for the Alhambra and how it ended up in a villa in Berlin.

Academic background
1994-98 BA (Hons) at Trinity College, Dublin (History of Art / Literature).

2002 – 2003 MA (Dist.) at SOAS, University of London (History of Islamic Art and Archaeology).

2006-2012 PhD at SOAS, University of London (Art and material culture of mudéjar communities in post-Islamic Spain).

2013-2014 Postdoctoral research fellow in Art Histories and Aesthetic Practices at the Forum Transregionale Studien, Berlin (Kunsthistorisches Institut, Max-Planck-Institut and Museum für Islamische Kunst).

Research Grants, Fellowships and Awards
Oleg Grabar Postdoctoral fellowship awarded by the Historians of Islamic Art
Association (2015); International Fellowship for Research awarded by the Staatliche
Museen zu Berlin (2015); Postdoctoral research fellowship awarded by the
Kunsthistorisches Institut, Florence (2015 – award declined); Postdoctoral fellowship
at the Forum Transregionale Studien, Berlin (2013-14). PhD scholarship from the
Zagloul educational foundation (2006-8, 2010-12). HIAA Travel Grant (2010); SOAS
MA dissertation prize (2003).

Teaching Positions
Since 2012: Senior Teaching Fellow in the Department of the History of Art, SOAS, University of London. MA course convenor and lecturer: ‘Islam and the West: Artistic and Cultural Contacts’; ‘Arab Painting’. BA course convenor and lecturer: ‘Art and Material Culture of the Islamic World, 7th to 14th Centuries’, ‘Mosaics, Maps and Wall Paintings of the Islamic World’.

2011- 2014: Lecturer and course convenor, Graduate Programme in Islamic Studies
and Humanities, Institute of Ismaili Studies, London.‘Art and Architecture of Muslim
Societies’.

2011- 2013: Lecturer, Postgraduate Diploma in Asian Art, SOAS, University of
London, ‘Arts of the Islamic World’.

2011-12: Lecturer and course convenor, Graduate Programme in Muslim Heritage,
Institute for the Study of Muslim Civilisations at the Aga Khan University, London.
‘The Art of Muslim Societies 14th-18th centuries’.

Publications
‘Versions and Visions of the Alhambra in the Nineteenth Century Ottoman World’ in West 86th: A Journal of Decorative Arts, Design, History, and Material Culture, 22, no.1 Spring/Summer 2015, 44-69.

‘Arthur von Gwinner und die Alhambra-Kuppel’ in Julia Gonnella and Jens Kröger (eds) Wie die Islamische Kunst nach Berlin Kam. Der Sammler und Museumsdirektor Friedrich Sarre (Berlin: Dietrich Reimer Verlag GmbH, 2015), 89-102.

‘Mudéjar Ceramics in Medieval Spain’, in Islamic Art, Architecture and Material Culture: New Perspectives. Proceedings of a Workshop held at the Centre for the Advanced Study of the Arab World, (BAR International Series 2436) with a foreward by Robert Hillenbrand (Oxford: Archaeopress, 2012).

‘The Tin Trade and Medieval Ceramics: Tracing the Sources of Tin and its Influence on Mediterranean Ceramics Production’, Al-Masāq: Islam and the Medieval Mediterranean, 23/3 (December 2011) 155-169.

Forthcoming articles 2016
‘Arthur von Gwinner and the Alhambra Cupola at the Museum für Islamische Kunst, Berlin’, to be published in a book co-edited by Hannah Baader, with an introduction by Gerhard Wolf, (Transcript Verlag: forthcoming 2016).

‘A Seljuk Carved Ivory Plaque – evidence of a lost tradition?’ (2015) in the proceedings of the 2013 Warburg Institute conference Ivory Trade and Exchange in Antiquity and Early Islam edited by Myriam Wissa and Hugh Kennedy. (forthcoming 2016)

Articles in edited books and catalogues, reviews etc.
‘Ivory Plaque; Iran late 13th to early 14th century’ in The Sarikhani Collection (London: Paul Holberton Publishing, 2011), pp.68-69.

‘Spanish Lustreware’ p144-145, ‘Mudéjar Style’ p.146-147 and ‘Spanish Ivories’ p.132-133 The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Islamic Art and Architecture, ed. Moya Carey (London: Lorenz Books, 2010).

‘Tin and the Medieval Mudéjar Ceramics from Paterna’, Medieval Ceramics, 30 (London: The Medieval Pottery Research Group, 2006-8), pp.95-102.
David Knipp (ed.), Siculo-Arabic Ivories and Islamic Painting 1100-1300. Proceedings of the International Conference, Berlin 6-8 July 2007. Munich, 2011. Bulletin of SOAS 76:3 pp.503-505 (October 2013).

Mariam Rosser-Owen, Islamic Arts from Spain (V&A Publishing, 2010).
Bulletin of SOAS 75:1 (February 2012).

Anna Contadini (ed.), Arab Painting: Text and Image in Illustrated Arabic Manuscripts (Handbook of Oriental Studies. Section 1: The Near and Middle East). Leiden and Boston: Brill, 2007. Bulletin of SOAS 73:2, pp.316-318 (June 2010).